NORD-50 - Revision history

Tingo: added text about NORD-50 array processor from NORD-10 design goals

2019-10-21T14:55:21Z

added text about NORD-50 array processor from NORD-10 design goals

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 21 October 2019
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	The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.		The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.

			NORD-50 array processor

			The NORD-50, which was introduced in 1973, is a special purpose compute unit which performs convolution vector element sum operations, scaling, multiplexing and demultiplexing operations. The NORD-50 array processor will be used in seismic surveying and performs more than one million floating multiplications plus more than one million floating point additions in one second.<ref>[http://sintran.com/sintran/library/libsw/NORD-10-Design-Goals.pdf Norsk Data library, Software Nord-10 Design Goals (TSS-02)]</ref>

	The NORD-50 CPU was used in the [[ND 1100/S]], [[ND 1200/S]], [[ND 1300/S]] and [[ND 1400/S]] systems.		The NORD-50 CPU was used in the [[ND 1100/S]], [[ND 1200/S]], [[ND 1300/S]] and [[ND 1400/S]] systems.

TArntsen: Added quote from NORD-10 Design Goals

2019-03-14T12:12:05Z

Added quote from NORD-10 Design Goals

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:12, 14 March 2019
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	The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>		The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>

			The Norsk Data document ''NORD-10 Design Goals'' <ref>[http://sintran.com/sintran/library/libsw/NORD-10-Design-Goals.pdf sintran.com NORD-10 design goals]</ref> describes the NORD-50 as the 'NORD-50 array processor'), a ''special purpose compute unit'' with the following features:
			* Convolution vector element sum operations
			* Scaling
			* Multiplexing
			* Demultiplexing
			* Performs more than one milling floating point multiplications plus more than one million floating point additions in one second

	NORD-50 does not have an I/O system or interrupt system by itself, all I/O is done through the NORD-10/S which submits jobs to NORD-50 for execution in batches. The NORD-10 acts as a system supervisor running the operating system [[SINTRAN III/VS]] and the [[NORD-50 monitor]].		NORD-50 does not have an I/O system or interrupt system by itself, all I/O is done through the NORD-10/S which submits jobs to NORD-50 for execution in batches. The NORD-10 acts as a system supervisor running the operating system [[SINTRAN III/VS]] and the [[NORD-50 monitor]].

TArntsen: Changed table to wikitable style

2019-03-14T11:52:27Z

Changed table to wikitable style

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:52, 14 March 2019
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	==Performance==		==Performance==

	{\| style="~~width~~:~~100%~~;~~" border="1~~"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
	\|+ Whetstone results <ref>[http://freespace.virgin.net/roy.longbottom/whetstone.htm#anchorModcomp\|Whetstone Benchmark History and Results]</ref>		\|+ Whetstone results <ref>[http://freespace.virgin.net/roy.longbottom/whetstone.htm#anchorModcomp\|Whetstone Benchmark History and Results]</ref>
	! MWIPS !! MWIPS double precision !! Language !! Date		! MWIPS !! MWIPS double precision !! Language !! Date

Mike: Minor fixes

2018-08-29T11:19:03Z

Minor fixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 29 August 2018
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	~~{{stub}}~~
	The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.		The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.

	The NORD-50 CPU was used in the [[ND 1100/S]], [[ND 1200/S]], [[ND 1300/S]] and [[ND 1400/S]] systems.~~<ND>~~		The NORD-50 CPU was used in the [[ND 1100/S]], [[ND 1200/S]], [[ND 1300/S]] and [[ND 1400/S]] systems.

	The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>		The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>
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	*Running the operating system, SINTRAN III.		*Running the operating system, SINTRAN III.
	*Generating NORD-50 executable machine code via NORD-50 assembler or FORTRAN compiler.		*Generating NORD-50 executable machine code via NORD-50 assembler or FORTRAN compiler.
	*Being the I/O system for the NORD-50s performing I/O transfer to / from the NORD-50 memory.		*Being the I/O system for the NORD-50s performing I/O transfer to/from the NORD-50 memory.

	The NORD-50s in the system perform execution of instructions with data supplied through the NORD-10/S I/O system from byte oriented devices such as terminals, general DMA devices such as disks and magnetic tapes, the universal DMA interface, and special high-speed DMA channels connected directly to ports in the multiport memory system.		The NORD-50s in the system perform execution of instructions with data supplied through the NORD-10/S I/O system from byte-oriented devices such as terminals, general DMA devices such as disks and magnetic tapes, the universal DMA interface, and special high-speed DMA channels connected directly to ports in the multiport memory system.

	The system architecture is such that NORD-50s can have their private memories including a high speed static memory in addition to the multiport memory system.		The system architecture is such that NORD-50s can have their private memories including a high-speed static memory in addition to the multiport memory system.

	The NORD-50s themselves do not perform any tasks except for running the application programs.		The NORD-50s themselves do not perform any tasks except for running the application programs.
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	*** Indirect reference		*** Indirect reference
	*** Data reference		*** Data reference
	** 4 byte lamps showing which byte triggered the parity error		** 4-byte lamps showing which byte triggered the parity error
	* 2 control switches		* 2 control switches
	** Display PC		** Display PC
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	==Remaining machines==		==Remaining machines==
	This is a first shot at a list of remaining machines. Also machines that is known to be lost will be listed to make it easier to locate remaining ones. We don't have any production numbers yet.		This is the first shot at a list of remaining machines. Also machines that are known to be lost will be listed to make it easier to locate remaining ones. We don't have any production numbers yet.

	* NORD-50 with unknown serial is in the collection of Trøim, in Telemuseums storage in Fetsund (2016 inventory).		* NORD-50 with unknown serial is in the collection of Trøim, in Telemuseums storage in Fetsund (2016 inventory).
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	===Lost machines===		===Lost machines===
	* NORD-50 snr 11 was bought by Boliden in Sweden. Later donated to Forskarföreningen Umeå Naturvetare, also known as FUN. The machine ~~were~~ scrapped ~~short~~ before the society was disbanded. Only a few manuals ~~remains~~.		* NORD-50 snr 11 was bought by Boliden in Sweden. Later donated to Forskarföreningen Umeå Naturvetare, also known as FUN. The machine was scrapped shortly before the society was disbanded. Only a few manuals remain.

	==Related==		==Related==

Gandalf: Added a picture

2018-08-27T18:17:02Z

Added a picture

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:17, 27 August 2018
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	*1502 Register		*1502 Register
	*1503 Arithmetic Buffer		*1503 Arithmetic Buffer
	The 32 bit CPU uses eight of each board, making a total of 24 boards located in the middle crate. The top crate contains hardware for multiplication and division, while the bottom crate contains arithmetic circuitry and NORD-10 bus connectors.		The 32 bit CPU uses eight of each board, making a total of 24 boards located in the middle crate (crate B). The top crate (crate A) contains hardware for multiplication and division, while the bottom crate contains arithmetic circuitry and NORD-10 bus connectors (crate C).

	The timing and control section of the CPU uses eight different boards:		The timing and control section of the CPU uses eight different boards:
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	==Operators panel==		==Operators panel==

			[[Image:NORD-50 serial 37 front panel.jpg \|300px \| thumb \| The front panel.]]

	The operators panel on the NORD-50 is simpler than the panel on the NORD-10. It is more of a status display than a operators panel. It contains :		The operators panel on the NORD-50 is simpler than the panel on the NORD-10. It is more of a status display than a operators panel. It contains :

Gandalf: Fixed a typo in a link

2018-06-09T21:48:13Z

Fixed a typo in a link

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:48, 9 June 2018
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	** Stop		** Stop
	** Run		** Run
	The operators panel is connected directly to the [[1500 (NORD-50 ~~board~~)\|NORD-50 I/O CONTROL board 1500]] in position B32.		The operators panel is connected directly to the [[1500 (NORD-50 card)\|NORD-50 I/O CONTROL board 1500]] in position B32.

	==Performance==		==Performance==

Gandalf: Added some more text

2018-06-09T21:46:45Z

Added some more text

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:46, 9 June 2018
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	* The 64 general registers can be combined in pairs as 32 64 bit floating point registers.		* The 64 general registers can be combined in pairs as 32 64 bit floating point registers.
	* The lower 16 registers can be used as base or index registers for addressing.		* The lower 16 registers can be used as base or index registers for addressing.
			* There are 65 instructions in the NORD-50 CPU.

	==Address space==		==Address space==
	The NORD-50 has a 4 megabytes physical address space.		The NORD-50 has a 4 megabytes physical address space but the maximum memory it can be equipped with was 1 Mbyte (1976).

	==Circuit Boards==		==Circuit Boards==
	Main registers and arithmetic, communication registers NORD-10/NORD-50, memory address and data lines, line drivers for external arithmetic are ~~organised~~ on three different ~~boads~~, each handling four bits:		(Main article : [[ NORD-50 boards]])

			Main registers and arithmetic, communication registers NORD-10/NORD-50, memory address and data lines, line drivers for external arithmetic are organized on three different boards, each handling four bits:
	*1501 Address Arithmetic		*1501 Address Arithmetic
	*1502 Register		*1502 Register
	*1503 Arithmetic Buffer		*1503 Arithmetic Buffer
	The 32 bit CPU uses eight of each board, making a total of 24 boards.		The 32 bit CPU uses eight of each board, making a total of 24 boards located in the middle crate. The top crate contains hardware for multiplication and division, while the bottom crate contains arithmetic circuitry and NORD-10 bus connectors.

	The timing and control section of the CPU uses eight different boards:		The timing and control section of the CPU uses eight different boards:
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	*1510 Instruction Control		*1510 Instruction Control
	*1519 Timing Control		*1519 Timing Control

			==Operators panel==

			The operators panel on the NORD-50 is simpler than the panel on the NORD-10. It is more of a status display than a operators panel. It contains :
			* Power lock switch (with a key) and a start switch
			* 16 lamps showing bit 0-15 of the active address block.
			* Parity check, showing parity errors
			** 4 status lamps
			*** Parity error
			*** Instruction read
			*** Indirect reference
			*** Data reference
			** 4 byte lamps showing which byte triggered the parity error
			* 2 control switches
			** Display PC
			** Display dataref
			* 8 status lamps
			** Memory examine
			** Memory deposit
			** Simulate instruction
			** Simulate data
			** Status break
			** External stop
			** Stop
			** Run
			The operators panel is connected directly to the [[1500 (NORD-50 board)\|NORD-50 I/O CONTROL board 1500]] in position B32.

	==Performance==		==Performance==

Gandalf: Added a list of remaining machines and some other stuff

2016-08-27T22:52:56Z

Added a list of remaining machines and some other stuff

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:52, 27 August 2016
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	{{stub}}		{{stub}}
	The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.		The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.

			The NORD-50 CPU was used in the [[ND 1100/S]], [[ND 1200/S]], [[ND 1300/S]] and [[ND 1400/S]] systems.<ND>

	The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>		The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>

	NORD-50 does not have an I/O system or interrupt system by itself~~. This implies that~~ NORD-10/S submits jobs to NORD-50 for execution in batches ~~and~~ acts as a system supervisor running the operating system [[SINTRAN III/VS]] and the [[NORD-50 monitor]].		NORD-50 does not have an I/O system or interrupt system by itself, all I/O is done through the NORD-10/S which submits jobs to NORD-50 for execution in batches. The NORD-10 acts as a system supervisor running the operating system [[SINTRAN III/VS]] and the [[NORD-50 monitor]].

	In a NORD-50 computer system, the NORD-10/S has the following functions:		In a NORD-50 computer system, the NORD-10/S has the following functions:
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	The slave processor NORD-50 is activated by the NORD-10/S and NORD-50 executes programs in parallel with the activities in NORD-10/S. The NORD-10/S is interrupted when the NORD-50 comes to an end of its tasks.		The slave processor NORD-50 is activated by the NORD-10/S and NORD-50 executes programs in parallel with the activities in NORD-10/S. The NORD-10/S is interrupted when the NORD-50 comes to an end of its tasks.

			To the NORD-10 the NORD-50 looks like any else device and is controlled via standard [[IOX]] instructions.

	==CPU==		==CPU==
	The NORD-50 CPU has a word length of 32 bits.		The NORD-50 CPU has a word length of 32 bits.

			There are a number of registers in the NORD-50 CPU.<ref>{{ND-doc\|05.004}}</ref>
			* 64 general data registers with register 0 always containing zero.
			* The 64 general registers can be combined in pairs as 32 64 bit floating point registers.
			* The lower 16 registers can be used as base or index registers for addressing.

	==Address space==		==Address space==
	The NORD-50 has a 4 megabytes physical address space.		The NORD-50 has a 4 megabytes physical address space.
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	\| 0.531 \|\| 0.451 \|\| Fortran \|\| 1975		\| 0.531 \|\| 0.451 \|\| Fortran \|\| 1975
	\|}		\|}

			==Remaining machines==
			This is a first shot at a list of remaining machines. Also machines that is known to be lost will be listed to make it easier to locate remaining ones. We don't have any production numbers yet.

			* NORD-50 with unknown serial is in the collection of Trøim, in Telemuseums storage in Fetsund (2016 inventory).
			* NORD-50 with unknown serial is part of the collection of Datormuseum.se<ref>[http://www.datormuseum.se/computers/others/nord-10-s The collection of Datormuseum.se]</ref>

			===Lost machines===
			* NORD-50 snr 11 was bought by Boliden in Sweden. Later donated to Forskarföreningen Umeå Naturvetare, also known as FUN. The machine were scrapped short before the society was disbanded. Only a few manuals remains.

	==Related==		==Related==
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	[[NORD-50 monitor]]		[[NORD-50 monitor]]

	==References and sources==		==References and sources==
	<references/>		<references/>

	[[Category:Norsk Data hardware]]		[[Category:Norsk Data hardware]] [[Category:NORD-50 hardware]]

TArntsen: Weblink doesn't work with http:// prefix included in URL

2016-06-16T12:57:03Z

Weblink doesn't work with http:// prefix included in URL

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:57, 16 June 2016
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	The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.		The NORD-50 computer system is a completely integrated system of [[NORD-10/S]] and NORD-50 CPUs. The I/O system, file system and operating system are common to both processors.

	The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|~~http://~~www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>		The NORD-50 CPU is designed to be a fast floating point processor which is a total slave to the NORD-10/S.<ref name="ND-10-OG">{{Weblink\|www.sintran.com/sintran/library/libhw/libhw.html\|30.001.01A NORD-10/NORD-50, Operator's Guide}}</ref>

	NORD-50 does not have an I/O system or interrupt system by itself. This implies that NORD-10/S submits jobs to NORD-50 for execution in batches and acts as a system supervisor running the operating system [[SINTRAN III/VS]] and the [[NORD-50 monitor]].		NORD-50 does not have an I/O system or interrupt system by itself. This implies that NORD-10/S submits jobs to NORD-50 for execution in batches and acts as a system supervisor running the operating system [[SINTRAN III/VS]] and the [[NORD-50 monitor]].

Tingo: added Related section

2014-04-19T21:24:12Z

added Related section

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:24, 19 April 2014
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	\|}		\|}

			==Related==
			[[NORD-50 (command)]]

			[[NORD-50 monitor]]
	==References and sources==		==References and sources==
	<references/>		<references/>

	[[Category:Norsk Data hardware]]		[[Category:Norsk Data hardware]]